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Siemens PM 21 · 2017
Safety Integrated
Overview
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Overview
Legal framework
Machine manufacturers and manufacturing plants must ensure
that their machines or plants cannot cause danger due to mal-
functions in addition to the general risks of electric shock, heat
or radiation.
In Europe, for example, compliance with the Machinery Directive
2006/42/EC is required by law by the EC occupational health
and safety directive. In order to ensure the conformity with this
directive, it is recommended that the corresponding harmonized
European standards are applied. This triggers the "assumption
of conformity" and gives manufacturers and operators the legal
security in terms of compliance with both national regulations
and EU directives. The machine manufacturer uses the CE mark-
ing to document the compliance with all relevant directives and
regulations in the free movement of goods.
Safety-related standards
Functional safety is specified in various standards.
EN ISO 12100, for example, is concerned with the risk assess-
ment and risk reduction of machines. IEC 61508 specifies the
basic requirements for electronic and programmable safety-
related systems. EN 62061 (only applicable for electrical and
electronic control systems) and EN ISO 13849-1, which replaces
the now withdrawn EN 954-1, define the functional and safety-
related requirements of control systems with relevance to safety.
The above-mentioned standards define different safety require-
ments that the machine has to satisfy in accordance with the risk,
frequency of a dangerous situation, probability of occurrence
and the opportunities for recognizing impending danger:
•
EN ISO 13849-1: Performance Level PL a … e;
Categories B, 1 ... 4
•
EN 62061: Safety Integrity Level SIL 1 … 3
Trend toward integrated safety systems
The trend toward greater complexity and increasing modularity
of machines has caused the safety functions to move away from
the classical central safety functions (for example, deactivation
of the complete machine using a main switch) and into the ma-
chine control system and the drives. This is often accompanied
by a significant increase in productivity because the changeover
times are shortened and during this changeover, depending on
the type of machine, some subcomponents can even continue
to manufacture.
Integrated safety functions act much faster than those of a con-
ventional design. The safety of a machine is thus increased
further with Safety Integrated. Furthermore, thanks to the faster
method of operation, safety measures controlled by integrated
safety systems are perceived as less of a hindrance by the ma-
chine operator, therefore significantly reducing the motivation to
consciously bypass safety functions.
© Siemens AG 2017